从1964到2021两届东京奥运会折射日本的昔与今

1964骞翠笢浜瀛ｅゥ杩愪細寮€骞曞紡涓婇鍚戜綋鑲插満涓婄┖鐨勬皵鐞冦€?/span> DONALD UHRBROCK/GETTY IMAGES

涓滀含鈥斺€斿湪1964骞?0鏈堢殑涓€涓箾钃濆ぉ绌轰笅锛屾棩鏈殑瑁曚粊澶╃殗绔欏湪涓€涓噸鐢熺殑鍥藉闈㈠墠瀹ｅ竷锛屼笢浜ゥ杩愪細寮€骞曚簡銆傛棩鏈皯浼楃涓€娆″惉鍒颁粬鐨勫０闊虫槸瀹ｅ竷鏃ユ湰鍦ㄧ浜屾涓栫晫澶ф垬涓姇闄?/span>锛岃繖涓０闊冲浠婂洖鑽″湪搴ф棤铏氬腑銆佸厖婊℃湡寰呯殑浣撹偛鍦洪噷銆?/span>

涓滀含鍙堜竴灞婂瀛ｅゥ杩愪細鐨勫紑骞曞紡灏嗗湪鏈懆浜斾妇琛岋紝杩欏眾濂ヨ繍浼氬洜鏂板啝鐥呮瘨澶ф祦琛?/span>鎺ㄨ繜浜嗕竴骞?/span>銆傝浠佸ぉ鐨囩殑瀛欏瓙寰蜂粊澶╃殗灏嗗嚭鐜板湪寮€骞曞紡鐨勭湅鍙颁笂锛屼絾鐪嬪彴涓?/span>涓嶅厑璁告湁鍏朵粬瑙備紬锛屽洜涓鸿繖涓劍铏戠殑鍥藉姝ｅ湪鍔姏搴斿鍙堜竴娉㈡柊鍐犵梾姣掓劅鏌撱€?/span>

瀵逛簬鏃ユ湰鍜?/span>濂ユ灄鍖瑰厠杩愬姩鏉ヨ锛屾帹杩熶妇琛岀殑2020骞村ゥ杩愪細涔熻涓嶄唬琛ㄦ湭鏉ョ殑甯屾湜锛岃€屾槸琛拌惤鐨勬槑鏄惧彲鑳芥€с€傚娣辨儏鍥為【1964骞村ゥ杩愪細鐨勯偅浠ｆ棩鏈汉鏉ヨ锛岃繖灞婅繙涓嶅鍓嶃€佸湪寰堝ぇ绋嬪害涓婁笉鍙楁杩庣殑濂ヨ繍浼氱殑鍓嶆櫙浠や汉娣辨劅澶辨湜銆?/span>

鈥滈偅鏃跺€欐瘡涓棩鏈汉閮藉濂ヨ繍浼氬叴濂嬩笉宸诧紝鈥濈幇骞?9宀佺殑浜曚笂鍜屽か锛圞azuo Inoue锛岄煶锛夎锛屼粬娓呮鍦拌寰楋紝1964骞村湪涓滀含瀹朵腑锛屼粬琚柊涔扮殑褰╄壊鐢佃鏈洪噷鎾斁鐨勮禌浜嬫繁娣卞惛寮曘€傗€滆繖娆＄己灏戦偅绉嶅叴濂嬶紝鎵€浠ユ湁鐐归毦杩囥€傗€?/span>

涓嶈繃锛岃繖绉嶅帉鍊︿笉鍙槸鏂板啝鐥呮瘨澶ф祦琛岀殑娣蜂贡鍜屽ゥ杩愪細鍓嶇殑鏃犳暟涓戦椈閫犳垚鐨勯棶棰樸€備粖澶╃殑鏃ユ湰銆佷互鍙婂ゥ杩愪細璁╁叾灞曠ず鐨勪笢瑗匡紝宸茬粡涓?7骞村墠鏈変簡寰堝ぇ鐨勪笉鍚屻€?/span>

浠庝竴涓懇澶╁ぇ妤肩殑瑙傛櫙灞傜湅鍒扮殑涓滀含鏂板浗瀹朵綋鑲插満銆?/span> HIROKO MASUIKE/THE NEW YORK TIMES

1964骞寸殑濂ヨ繍浼氳鏃ユ湰鍚戝叏涓栫晫灞曠ず锛岃繖涓浗瀹跺凡浠庢垬浜夌殑鐮村潖涓仮澶嶈繃鏉ワ紝缁忓巻浜嗗啗鍥戒富涔夋椂浠ｏ紝宸插皢鏈浗閲嶅缓涓轰竴涓幇浠ｇ殑銆佸拰骞崇殑姘戜富鍥藉銆傛棩鏈繀閫熷湴瀹屾垚浜嗛珮閫熷叕璺拰楂橀€熷垪杞︾殑寤鸿銆傞殢鐫€鑰佺櫨濮撴敹鍏ョ殑澧炲姞锛岃澶氬儚浜曚笂杩欐牱鐨勬棩鏈搴负瑙傜湅濂ヨ繍浼氳喘涔颁簡鐢佃鏈猴紝閭ｆ槸濂ヨ繍浼氳禌浜嬮娆￠€氳繃鍗槦鍦ㄥ叏鐞冭繘琛岀幇鍦虹洿鎾€?/span>

涓惧姙杩欐濂ヨ繍浼氭椂锛屾棩鏈凡鏄竴涓垚鐔熴€佸瘜瑁曠殑鍥藉銆備絾鏃ユ湰缁忔祹鍦ㄨ繃鍘?0骞寸殑澶ч儴鍒嗘椂闂撮噷涓€鐩村仠婊炰笉鍓?/span>锛岃秺鏉ヨ秺澶氱殑浜鸿鐢╁湪浜嗗悗闈€傛瘡涓冨悕鍎跨涓氨鏈変竴鍚嶇敓娲昏传鍥帮紝璁稿宸ヤ汉浠庝簨缂轰箯绋冲畾鎬с€佹病鏈夊灏戠鍒╃殑鍚堝悓宸ユ垨鍏艰亴宸ヤ綔銆?/span>

鏃ユ湰鐜板湪涔熸槸涓€涓洿鍔犺€侀緞鍖栫殑鍥藉銆傝浠佸ぉ鐨囧甯冨瀛ｅゥ杩愪細寮€骞曟椂锛屽勾榫勫湪65宀佷互涓婄殑浜哄彧鍗犲叏鍥戒汉鍙ｇ殑6%銆傝繖涓瘮渚嬪浠婂凡瓒呰繃浜?8%锛岃€岀敓鑲茬巼鍑犱箮闄嶅埌浜?964骞寸殑涓€鍗娿€傛棩鏈殑浜哄彛鑷?008骞翠互鏉ヤ竴鐩村湪鍑忓皯銆?/span>

澶х害鍦?964骞?鏈堜粠绌轰腑鎷嶄笅鐨勬棩鏈笢浜浗绔嬩唬浠ｆ湪绔炴妧鍦哄儚鐗囥€?/span> THE ASAHI SHIMBUN, VIA GETTY IMAGES

2021骞?鏈?5鏃ョ殑鍥界珛浠ｄ唬鏈ㄧ珵鎶€鍦恒€?/span> HIROKO MASUIKE/THE NEW YORK TIMES

1964骞翠笢浜ゥ杩愪細甯稿父琚涓烘槸鏃ユ湰璧板悜绻佽崳鐨勮浆鎶樼偣銆傚湪濂ヨ繍浼氫箣鍚庣殑鍥涘勾鏃堕棿閲岋紝鏃ユ湰鎴愪负浜嗕笘鐣岀浜屽ぇ缁忔祹浣擄紝浠呮浜庡畠浠ュ墠鐨勫崰棰嗚€呯編鍥姐€傦紙鏃ユ湰缁忔祹鍚庢潵闄嶅埌鍏ㄧ悆绗笁锛屾帓鍦ㄤ腑鍥戒箣鍚庛€傦級闅忕潃璁稿鏃ユ湰浜鸿繘鍏ヤ腑浜ч樁绾э紝浠栦滑涓嶄粎璐拱浜嗙數瑙嗘満锛岃繕璐拱浜嗘礂琛ｆ満銆佸啺绠卞拰鍚稿皹鍣ㄧ瓑鍏朵粬鐜颁唬瀹剁敤鐢靛櫒銆?/span>

鏃ユ湰姝ｅ啀娆￠潰涓翠竴涓浆鎶樼偣锛屽叾缁撴灉灏嗗彇鍐充簬鏀垮簻銆佷紒涓氬拰鍏皯绀句細濡備綍搴斿浜哄彛钀庣缉鍜岃€侀緞鍖栫殑闂銆?/span>

1964骞寸殑鏃跺€欐湁涓€绉嶁€滄棩鏈湪杩愯浆銆佹槸涓€涓湁鏈潵鐨勫浗瀹垛€濈殑鎰熻锛岀編鍥介夯鐪佺悊宸ュ闄?Massachusetts Institute of Technology)鍘嗗彶绯诲壇鏁欐巿姘稿師瀹?Hiromu Nagahara)璇淬€傜幇鍦紝鏃ユ湰鏄竴涓€滆糠澶变簡淇″績鐨勫浗瀹讹紝鏄竴涓浗鍐呮斂娌荤簿鑻卞己鐑堟劅鍙楀埌杩欑杩峰け鐨勫浗瀹垛€濄€?/span>

鏃ユ湰鐨勮浠佸ぉ鐨囷紙涓級鍦?964骞?0鏈?1鏃ョ殑涓滀含澶忓濂ヨ繍浼氬紑骞曞紡涓婅璇濄€?/span> KEYSTONE-FRANCE/GAMMA-KEYSTONE, VIA GETTY IMAGES

闀挎湡瑙傚療鏃ユ湰鐨勪汉澹锛屾棩鏈簲璇ユ敼鍙樹竴浜涘兊鍖栧仛娉曞拰鏂囧寲瑙勮寖銆傝櫧鐒舵棩鏈綔涓轰竴涓伐涓氬己鍥界殑鍏磋捣鏄缓绔嬪湪寮哄ぇ鐨勭ぞ浼氬嚌鑱氬姏涔嬩笂锛屼絾绀句細鐨勮繖涓柟闈㈠線寰€鍊惧悜浜?/span>鍘嬪埗濂虫€с€佸皯鏁版皯鏃忓拰鍏朵粬涓庝紶缁熸湡鏈涗笉鐩哥鐨勭兢浣?/span>銆?/span>

鈥滄棩鏈殑浼樺娍寰堟槑鏄撅紝鏄畠鐨勭ぞ浼氱粨鏋勶紝鈥濆摜浼︽瘮浜氬ぇ瀛︾幇浠ｆ棩鏈彶瀛﹀鍗¤悵灏斅锋牸鍗㈠厠(Carol Gluck)璇淬€傗€滀絾濡傛灉杩欎娇瀹冮毦浠ュ疄鐜板彉闈╋紝灏卞彲鑳藉彉涓轰竴涓急鐐广€傗€?/span>

鈥滆繖鏂归潰鏈夊緢澶х殑娼滃姏锛屸€濇牸鍗㈠厠琛ュ厖璇淬€傗€滀絾闂鏄紝鍦ㄦ儏鍐靛彉寰楀お绯熶箣鍓嶏紝杩欎釜闂浼氬緱鍒扮悊瑙ｅ拰璁よ瘑鍚楋紵鈥?/span>

鍦ㄦ棩鏈洜濂ヨ繍浼氬浜庡浗闄呰仛鍏夌伅涓嬫椂锛屽叾绀句細鐨勮澶氬紛绔篃琚毚闇插嚭鏉ャ€?/span>

濂ヨ繍浼氭柊闂诲獟浣撲腑蹇冭鍦ㄦ棩鏈笢浜殑Big Sight鍥介檯灞曠ず鍦恒€?/span> HIROKO MASUIKE/THE NEW YORK TIMES

浠婂勾2鏈堬紝涓滀含濂ヨ繍浼氱粍缁囧鍛樹細涓诲腑銆佺幇骞?4宀佺殑妫枩閮?Yoshiro Mori)琚揩杈炶亴锛屼箣鍓嶄粬鏇捐濂虫€у湪浼氳涓婅寰楀お澶?/span>锛屼絾鍦ㄤ粬杈炶亴鍓嶏紝鏇惧緱鍒颁紶缁熶富涔夎€呯殑鍧氬畾杈╂姢銆傛棩鏈殑鎬у埆宸窛鍦?56涓浗瀹朵腑鎺掑悕绗?20锛岃澶氭棩鏈コ鎬у彂鐜颁粬鐨勮█璁哄弽鏄犱簡濂逛滑闈炲父鐔熸倝鐨勬€佸害銆?/span>

灏界鏈夋潵鑷椿鍔ㄤ汉澹殑鍘嬪姏锛岃姹傛棩鏈姄浣忓ゥ杩愪細鐨勬椂鏈?/span>鎺ㄨ繘鍚屾€ф亱鍜屽彉鎬т汉鐨勬潈鍒?/span>锛屼絾涓€椤圭粰姝ц璐翠笂鈥滀笉鍙帴鍙椻€濇爣绛剧殑娓╁拰娉曟锛屽湪淇濆畧鐨勫浗浼氳繛鍚瘉鐨勬満浼氶兘娌″緱鍒般€傛湰鍛紝寮€骞曞紡鐨勪竴鍚嶄綔鏇茶€?/span>鎵胯鍦ㄦ牎鏈熼棿鏇句弗閲嶉湼鍑屾畫鐤惧悓瀛﹀悗杈炶亴銆傛棩鏈枃閮ㄧ瀛︾渷鎶婃牎鍥湼鍑岀О涓鸿鍫備笂鏈€澶х殑绀句細鎸戞垬涔嬩竴銆?/span>

涓滀含鐢冲姙2020骞村ゥ杩愪細鏃讹紝鏃朵换棣栫浉鐨勫畨鍊嶆檵涓?Shinzo Abe)灏嗗叾琛ㄨ堪涓烘棩鏈垬鑳滀簡2011骞寸殑姣佺伃鎬?/span>鍦伴渿銆佹捣鍟稿拰鏍哥伨闅?/span>鐨勮薄寰併€傞偅杩欎釜淇℃伅宸茶涓€绉嶆柊璇存硶鎵€鍙栦唬锛氬ゥ杩愪細浠ｈ〃鐫€鍏ㄧ悆鎴樿儨鏂板啝鐥呮瘨澶ф祦琛岀殑鍔姏銆?/span>

浣嶄簬涓滀含鍗冧唬鐢板尯鐨勬棩鏈閬撻鍐呰矊銆?/span> HIROKO MASUIKE/THE NEW YORK TIMES

澶у鏁版棩鏈汉鍙嶅涓惧姙濂ヨ繍浼?/span>锛屼粬浠杩欎袱绉嶄俊鎭兘涓嶄拱璐︺€傛牳鐢电珯鐨勬竻鐞嗗伐浣?/span>杩滄湭瀹屾垚锛岀敱浜庝笢浜殑鏂板啝鐥呮瘨纭瘖鐥呬緥宸茶揪鍒板叚涓湀鏉ョ殑鏈€楂樻按骞筹紝濂ヨ繍浼氭槸鍦ㄧ揣鎬ョ姸鎬佷笅涓捐鐨勩€傚ゥ杩愭潙姣忓ぉ閮芥湁鐥呮瘨妫€娴嬮槼鎬ц鍏竷锛岀‘璇婄梾渚嬫暟杩涗竴姝ュ澶氾紝涔熶娇浜轰滑鎯宠捣鏂板啝鐥呮瘨鐨勬寔涔呭▉鍔涖€?/span>